Thursday, November 28, 2024

IINDIAN POLITY

 Making of Indian Constitution 

British Rule - 1764-1947

1934 - Manvendra Nath Roy. He belongs to the swaraj party. First time demand for constituent assembly.

1935 - First official demand by Indian national congress for constituent assembly.

1940 - August offer 

The British Government accepted the demand in principle in what is known as the August offer of 1940.

1940 - Cripps Mission

Sir Stafford Cripps came with a proposal for formulation world war - 2 but rejected by muslim league.muslim demand for separate nation. 

1946 - Cabinet Mission Plan 

The members of the cabinet mission were 

  1. Lord Pethick Lawrence
  2. Sir Stafford Cripps
  3. A.V Alexander

It arrived in new delhi on 24 march 1946.

It published its plan on 16 may 1946.

Under the cabinet mission plan election was held to formulate constituent assembly.

COMPOSITION OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY 

The allocation of seats was done on the basic of population.

The total strength of the constituent assembly.

Total members - 389

296 - Elected (British India)

93 - Nominated (Princely states)

However,93 Seats of princely state were not filled because princely state decided not to participate in constituent assembly.

Seats allocated to each British province to be divided among the three principle communities-

  • Sikha
  • Muslims
  • General 

All except Muslims and Sikha in proportional to their population.

296 British India Member

208 seats - congress 

73 seats - Muslim

15 seats - small group of Independent 

IMPORTANT POINTS 

The constituent assembly was to be partly elected and partly nominated body.

The members of constituent were to be indirect elected.

Total number of women in constituent assembly is 15.

MAKING OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION DAY

Working of construction assembly 

9 December 1946 - The constituent assembly held its first meeting.

Venune - National Library ( which is known now centre hall of parliament)

Dr Sachidanand Sinha - Oldest member of assembly was appointed as the president of constituent assembly.

President Idea - Give by J.B KRIPALANI

He was elected as Temporary president ( mean Interion President)

Muslim League entirely boycotted the meeting demanding a separate state of Pakistan.

11 December 1946

Election - Constituent assembly president. 

Dr.Rajendra Prasad elected as permanent president of the constituent assembly.

H.C Mukherjee and Krishnamachari were elected as the vice-president of constituent assembly.

Sir B.N Rau was appointed as the constitutional Advisor.

OBJECTIVE RESOLUTION 

13 December 1946

Jawaharlal lal Nehru moved the “Objective Resolution” on December 13,1946.

It laid down the fundamental and Philosophy of the constitutional structure.

It was adopted by the assembly on 22 January,1947.

It modified version from this preamble of the present constitution.

Working for the Constitution 

The constituent assembly appointed a number of committees to deal with the different task of the constitution making.

Important commitee with their leaders 

  1. Drafting committee - Jawaharlal Nehru 
  2. Union Power committee - Jawaharlal Nehru 
  3. Union Power Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru 
  4. State committee - Jawaharlal Nehru 
  5. Steering committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad 
  6. Rules of Procedure - Dr.Rajendra Prasad
  7. Provincial constitution - Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel 
  8. Sub-Fundamental Right - J.B Kripalani Committee 
  9. Order of Business committee - DR.KM.MUNSHI

Drafting committee 

Drafting committee was setup on 29 August 1947.

Dr.B.r Ambadkar was the chairman of the drafting committee.

Drafting committee consisted of seven members induding president of drafting committee.

  1. Dr.B.r.Ambedkar 
  2. N.Goplswami Ayengar
  3. Auadi Krishnawami Ayyar
  4. Dr K.M.Munshi
  5. Syed Mohammad Rav ( He replaced B.L.Mitter)
  6. T.T.Krishnamachari (He replaced D.P.Khaitan)

22 July 1947

The constituent assembly adopted the national flag.

It was designed by Pingali Venkayya(He is from Andhara Pradesh)

 

India Achieved Independence 

As a result of the partition under the mount batten plan of 3 June 1947. Seperate Constituent assembly was set up for Pakistan.After the membership of the assembly was reduced to 299.

Before independence - 389 member

296-British india

93- Princely states 

After independence -299 members 

299 - Indian province 

70 - Princely states 

OTHER FUNCTION OF ASSEMBLY 

Constituent assembly 

To make constitution 

President -Rajendra Prasad

To make law president 

G.V.Mavalakar(he is the first speaker of lok sabha )


Interning Government 

Formed - 2 September 1946

5 member of muslim League Include 

President - J.L Nehru 

Food/Agriculture head - Dr.Rajendra Prasad

Labour Head - Jagyivam Ram

Defence - Sa

rdar Beldev Singh

Education - C.Raja gopalachari



 








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